In order to study the thermal influence difference of different groundwater flow direction in the actual large-scale buried pipe group projects, taking the shallow geothermal energy demonstration project of Zhengzhou city as the research object, the differences in ground temperature at different depths for upstream vertical and downstream parallel groundwater flow directions are analysed through ground temperature monitoring and numerical simulation.The results show that the thermal influence radius is 4 m for the upstream vertical groundwater flow direction and 5 m for the downstream parallel groundwater flow direction. The radial and vertical thermal influences are weakened with the increase of the distance from the heat exchange zone.The thick upper aquifer is conducive to the heat exchange of rock and soil. Most heat diffuses in the upper layer, and the influence of deep rock and soil stratification on heat transfer is weakened.